• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The protection device is intended to be installed in medium voltage distribution station outlets. It is characterized in that it provides automated monitoring of possible mesh defects by means (3,4) arranged to produce a significant signal of the presence or absence of voltage on a phase conductor (30) downstream of a contactor (1), and in that said signal is routed to a control system (2) for inhibiting or allowing the closing of said contactor.
    公开号:BE1018253A3
    申请号:E2001/0678
    申请日:2001-10-19
    公开日:2010-08-03
    发明作者:Denis Jeancel；Patrick Brun
    申请人:Areva T & D Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a device for automated monitoring of mesh defects in medium voltage networks, such as HTI (High Voltage Intermediate) networks, from 3.2 to 5, 5 kV) for public lighting, also called HV.EP networks (High Voltage Public Lighting, NFC 17200 standard). In addition to monitoring any mesh defects in such networks, the invention makes it possible to limit the consequential damages that may occur. It should be remembered that HTI networks are economically justified when it is necessary to provide significant electrical power over large areas between the use and delivery of energy by the distributor. This is the case for many categories of public lighting, but also for other uses and especially for industrial sites where the absence of low-voltage network BTA requires the construction of a specially created distribution network.
    Any HTI network is electrically isolated from the low-voltage BTA networks that it supplies energy through HTI / BTA transformers. The impedance of an HTI network is therefore very high, of the order of Ω, unlike that of a BTA network comprising current-dissipating devices such as candelabra. It goes without saying that a mesh fault on an HTI network can cause security problems on the associated low voltage network. In this sense, the functions provided by the device that is the subject of the invention do not only concern the protection of the HTI network.
    In general, an HTI network comprises several distribution stations distributed over the network, each station supplying several departures, a departure typically consisting of a network line fed by a cell of the station and branching into several branches. These branches can lead to terminations of the network or, on the contrary, to interconnect parallel lines, making it possible to mesh the network. The interconnecting branches providing this mesh generally generally comprise at least one cut-off box, ie a box containing a connection connector arrangement having for each phase a disconnector function, and which can be installed along a branch or branch node as a junction box. Said connectors are generally arranged manually. Parallel lines must not be interconnected during normal operation, ie when they are fed by different feeders. The break boxes of an interconnection branch are normally in the open position. It should be noted that the branches of the network having no role in the mesh interconnection may also include break boxes, which are in the closed position during normal operation, and in the open position around a fault if the latter must be isolated. Meshing a network is of interest in case of malfunction of an area of the network, whatever the cause. Indeed, once the defect identified and located, the network operator seeks to replenish as quickly as possible the network on either side of this fault in order to minimize the extent of the malfunction for the end user. The localized defect is then isolated from the rest of the network by the opening of the clipping boxes that surround it. The upstream part is fed again by the departure of the pipe, and the downstream tree is fed back by another pipe of the network, by closing one or more boxes of cut of interconnection of the pipes. After the fault has been repaired, the junction box connection fittings must be returned to their original arrangement so that the network can be restored to a normal configuration.
    A mesh defect is a misconfiguration of the arrangement of the junction box connection connectors after intervention on the network as mentioned above. In particular, a connection connection can be left in a closed phase to phase position, while it should be in the open position. During the arrangement of said connections, it also happens that the operator does without noticing a bad connection and results in a phase inversion. Indeed, these connections are not yet standardized and the devices having a polarizer to avoid phase inversion are rare.
    In the distribution networks of the state of the art, a cut box forgotten in a closed configuration can then cause a short circuit at the network upstream of the box. In addition, maintenance personnel working on part of the HTI network (or possibly on a part of the associated LV A network) that is supposed to be isolated from the rest of the live network is at risk of electrocution. Regarding a possible short circuit, it is different in nature depending on whether a connection connection is left phase to phase or is poorly repositioned in phase inversion. If the connection remains in phase to phase, the maintenance operations of a feeder following the isolation of a fault can lead to a short circuit by the earthing switches of a cell of the feeder. If the connection is positioned in phase inversion, it occurs at the reclosing of the departures that have been isolated an instantaneous short-circuit between two phases of the transformer HTI supplying the network. Indeed, two pipes supposed to be isolated are in fact connected in phase inversion by the breaking box, allowing the current from a phase of the transformer HTI to loop back to another phase. It should be noted that the reclosing of a network start is most often done automatically as soon as daylight becomes insufficient, thanks to a brightness sensor connected to the relay controlling the closing of the contactor of the cell, any cell generally comprising a multipole contactor providing a switch function simultaneously for each phase. Reclosing can also be done manually by an operator, typically following a maintenance operation. In order to visually detect a mesh defect before manual reclosing, it is known to use for each start voltage presence indicators downstream of the contactor. It is commonly used a phase indicator, connected to this phase via a capacitive divider. If a light is on while the contactor is still open, this indicates the presence of a downstream voltage and therefore the fact that a break box has been left in the closed position.
    In existing devices, the detection of a possible lack of mesh prior to the closing of the contactor can only be done in the presence of a vigilant operator who will prohibit this closure if he finds a presence indicator voltage on. In the absence of an operator, the automatic reclosing of a departure can have damaging consequences in case of mesh defect, as mentioned above.
    The invention provides a reliable and inexpensive device for automated monitoring of possible mesh defects of a network and protection against their consequences. The generalization of protection devices according to the invention will limit damage to networks due to mesh defects.
    For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a protection device in the medium voltage networks intended to be installed at the level of distribution station outlets, characterized in that it provides an automated monitoring of any mesh defects by means arranged to produce a signal indicative of the presence or absence of voltage on a phase conductor downstream of a contactor, and in that said signal is routed to a control system for inhibiting or inhibiting authorize the closing of said contactor.
    In one embodiment of the invention, said means comprise at least one voltage divider system each connected to a phase conductor downstream of a contactor. It may be advantageous if the reduction factor of this divider system is between 30 and 60.
    In an embodiment according to the invention, a voltage divider system is an RC divider bridge using at least one resistor connected to a phase conductor, at least one capacitor being placed between said resistor and the ground.
    In an embodiment according to the invention, the voltage obtained at the output of the divider system is routed to a comparator apparatus which returns to the control system a voltage presence code as a function of the measurement of this voltage with respect to a threshold determined, said code being positive if said measurement is greater than said threshold and equal to zero if said measurement is lower than said threshold. In an alternative embodiment of this mode, a positive voltage presence code automatically triggers a protection prohibiting the closing of the contactor. As an option, such a positive voltage presence code automatically triggers a protection prohibiting the earthing of phase conductors.
    In an embodiment according to the invention, the output of a voltage divider bridge is connected to a low-voltage generator device when the network is no longer in operation.
    The invention, its characteristics and its advantages are specified in the description which follows in connection with the figures below.
    FIG. 1 is a very schematic representation of two three-phase HTI network feeders, each powered by a cell incorporating a protection device according to the invention.
    FIG. 2 is a very schematic partial representation of a digital control control cell incorporating a protection device according to the invention associated with a cable pullout monitoring device.
    FIG. 1 shows two HTI feeders each supplied by a cell, in this case a digital control cell, the two identical cells referenced C1 and C2 being themselves powered by a set of busbars 25 overcoming them. Only the circuit relating to the phase Φ1 is represented in the cells C1 and C2, and the elements constituting a cell are represented only for this phase Φ1. The arrivals of the phases Φ2 and Φ3 from the busbar to a multipole disconnector 9 are shown in dashed lines in the cell C1. Each cell comprises a contactor 1 associated with a digital protection relay by a control link 1 ', the relay itself not shown because integrated in a module 2 control digital (CCN) in a preferred embodiment. This relay is connected by the module 2 to a current sensor 5, the assembly to provide protection against overcurrent. In a preferred embodiment, a numerically controlled control cell comprises a single module 2 (CCN) controlling in particular three digital relays for a three-phase network. The module 2 is connected to a CPU module (not shown) for controlling the protection functions provided by the device. Various optional elements are represented, such as the zero-sequence protection toroid 6, the fuses 7 and the earthing disconnectors 8. Advantageously, for reasons of safety in the event of maintenance in a cell, a switching coordination mechanism 18 transmits the earthing switches 8 in the closed position when the incoming disconnector 9 goes to the open position.
    In a preferred embodiment, a protection device according to the invention is integrated in the digital control cells. It comprises a voltage divider system 3, for example consisting of an RC type divider bridge, but which may also consist of a capacitive divider bridge or of an inductive voltage transformer (with coils). Advantageously, a single voltage divider system is installed per cell on a single phase, for reasons explained below. However, it is understood that three divisor systems (one per phase) can be used, with no other disadvantage than the multiplication of the cost of the set. A voltage divider system 3 outputs a reduced voltage Uc, which is an image of the input voltage reduced by a certain factor, for example between 30 and 60. The protection device further comprises a voltage comparator 4 connected to the output of the voltage divider, whose function is to compare the reduced voltage Uc with a threshold S determined to transmit the result to the module 2. This threshold S can be set by the network operator and serves to discriminate any non-hazardous interference voltages that may occur on an isolated HTI line. It is typically less than IV if the reduction factor of the voltage divider system is greater than or equal to 50. In this case, a reduced voltage Uc equal to IV means the presence of a voltage on a phase typically of the order of fifty volts, that is to say that can be dangerous (the maximum safety threshold generally admitted is equal to 50V). The comparator 4 is shown separately from the module 2, but can be integrated with the latter in a preferred embodiment.
    Depending on the result transmitted to module 2, it can send commands to certain elements of the device.
    In FIG. 1, the two three-phase HTI lines at the output of the cells C1 and C2 are shown schematically, each comprising a conductor for each phase Φ1, Φ2 and Φ3. Each phase conductor (30) is looped with each of the other two through the primary windings Bl, B2 and B3 13 HTI / BTA transformers present on the pipe for the low voltage supply of public lighting devices. Each pipe can be extended into a downstream pipe tree, by means of branch boxes 11. Other HTI / BTA transformers not shown in the figure are installed on the pipes downstream of these boxes 11. Pipes from departures different can be interconnected by interconnection branches 12 ensuring the mesh of the network and generally comprising each at least one breaking box 10 having internal connection connectors.
    In the event of an incident on the network, for example a homopolar fault current 17 on a phase upstream of a pipe cutoff box 14, the contactor of the cell C2 of the upstream feeder is open during the intervention period on the defect and the maintenance operations that follow in the cell. The pipe cutoff box 14, acting here as a three-pole disconnector, is switched to the open position. The downstream part of this pipe is thus isolated from the outlet, and is fed by a neighboring network pipe, here the pipe starting from the cell Cl, thanks to an interconnection breaking box 10 whose connection connectors are positioned in position Closed 15. Once the repair has been completed, and before the reclosing of the start, the interconnection cutoff boxes 10 must normally all be put back into open configuration. If a connection fitting has been forgotten in the closed position, the voltage HTI of a phase of the adjacent pipe is communicated to a phase of the pipe supposed to be isolated from the network.
    In the figure, the voltage of the phase Φ2 of the pipe C1 is communicated to the same phase Φ2 of the pipe C2 in the case of a connection left by mistake in the phase to phase 15 position. This voltage has repercussions on the other phases Φ1 and Φ3 of this pipe through the primary windings of transformers 13 HTI / BTA. In the cell C2, the protection device according to the invention uses a voltage divider system 3 connected in this case to the phase Φ1, which sees at its input substantially the same voltage as that affecting the phases Φ2 and Φ3. In general, whatever the phase on which the divider system 3 is connected, the latter sees at its input any accidental voltage due to a bad positioning of a connection fitting in a breaking box 10. The presence of a The voltage detected by the monitoring device in this case implies that the module 2 of the cell C2 receives from the comparator 4 a positive information as soon as the breaking box 14 is closed. This information can be used by Module 2 for the following two types of protection.
    - In the case of a connection connection forgotten in phase reversal position 16, the automatic reset system of the start will control the closing of the contactor of the cell. These will nevertheless remain open, thanks to the closing prohibition transmitted to the relays by the module 2, avoiding a phase-reversing short-circuit on the transformer upstream of the busbar. This protection is also active if an operator charged with manual reclosing did not notice the presence of a voltage. In addition, such a protection device can remotely control the engagement of several departures from a distribution station safely.
    - A second type of protection can be managed by the module of a cell for maximum security in case of maintenance of this cell. Generally, when an operator is responsible for intervening on the cell before the reclosing of a start, he must first check the absence of voltage on the LEDs and must necessarily make switch the inlet switch 9 in the open position for to be able to open the cell. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the module 2 is connected to the control logic of said disconnector 9 by a link 19. Assuming that the operator has not noticed on a light the presence of a voltage and it controls the opening of the incoming disconnector 9, the module 2 sends an order to prohibit the switching of the disconnectors 9 and 8. If this safety device is not installed, the opening of the disconnector switch Incoming 9 causes earthing of the disconnectors 8, which causes a short circuit to earth.
    FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment according to the invention, in which the voltage divider system 3 used is an RC bridge whose output can be connected by an electronic or mechanical type of switching 20, alternatively to a device 4 voltage comparator described above or a low voltage generator apparatus 21. This preferred embodiment can thus be used in the context of a global network monitoring and protection device, including a diurnal monitoring function for tearing of the voltage. cable when the network is off, from the measurement of its resistance by the application of a low DC voltage Ug.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    CLAIMS 1 / Protective device in medium voltage networks, intended to be installed at the level of departures of distribution stations, characterized in that it provides automated monitoring of possible mesh defects by means (3, 4) arranged for producing a significant signal of the presence or absence of voltage on a phase conductor (30) downstream of a contactor (1), and in that said signal is routed to a control system (2) allowing to inhibit or allow the closing of said contactor.
    [2]
    2 / Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said means comprise by station departure at least one voltage divider system (3) connected to a phase conductor (30) downstream of a contactor (1).
    [3]
    3 / Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein a divider system (3) is an RC divider bridge using at least one resistor (R) connected to a phase conductor (30), at least one capacitor (C) being placed between said resistor and the earth.
    [4]
    4 / Apparatus according to one of claims 2 and 3 wherein the voltage obtained at the output of a divider system (3) is fed to a comparator apparatus (4) which returns a voltage presence code to the control system ( 2) according to the measurement of this voltage with respect to a determined threshold, said code being positive if said measurement is greater than said threshold and equal to zero if said measurement is lower than said threshold.
    [5]
    5 / Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said control system (2) is a digital control module connected to the contactor (1).
    [6]
    6 / Apparatus according to one of claims 4 and 5 wherein a positive voltage presence code automatically triggers a protection prohibiting the closing of the contactor (1) or the grounding phase conductors (30).
    [7]
    7 / Apparatus according to one of claims 2 to 6 wherein a voltage divider system (3) allows a reduction of a factor between 30 and 60.
    [8]
    8 / Apparatus according to one of claims 2 to 7 wherein the output of a voltage divider system (3) is connected to a low voltage generator apparatus (21) when the network is no longer in operation.
    [9]
    9 / Apparatus according to claims 4 and 8 wherein the connection to a low voltage generator apparatus (21) is permitted only if the voltage presence code returned by the comparator apparatus (4) is equal to zero.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2189668A1|2003-07-01|
    TNSN01147A1|2003-04-03|
    FR2815785B1|2003-01-03|
    MA25680A1|2003-04-01|
    FR2815785A1|2002-04-26|
    ES2189668B1|2004-10-16|
    ITTO20011008A1|2003-04-23|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE2753659A1|1977-12-02|1979-06-07|Ruhrtal Gmbh|Bus=bar voltage simulation in HV system - has coupling switches whose state depends on bus=bar connection and on safety switch states|
    GB2135541A|1983-01-17|1984-08-30|Linjebyggnad Ab|Automatic blocking of a load disconnecting switch close to a fault|
    EP0166206A2|1984-05-26|1986-01-02|BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie.|Method and device for actuating - with protection against false connection - of a switchboard plant with multiple switchboard sections in an electric energy distribution network|
    AUPP855599A0|1999-02-08|1999-03-04|Nu-Lec Pty Ltd|Apparatus and method|
    法律状态:
    2013-04-30| RE| Patent lapsed|Effective date: 20121031 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR0013562A|FR2815785B1|2000-10-23|2000-10-23|PROTECTION DEVICE AGAINST THE EFFECTS OF MESH DEFECTS IN MEDIUM VOLTAGE NETWORKS|
    FR0013562|2000-10-23|
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